I. Content-Related Issues (Highest detection rate, accounting for over 60%)
1. Missing Mandatory Elements: Most commonly, the 24-hour emergency contact number or the supplier's full address is missing; imported products lack compliant Chinese-language labels; and small packages with simplified labels erroneously omit signal words.
2. Pictogram Violations: Unauthorized modification of the red borders or color schemes of GHS pictograms; redundant labeling of the same hazard (e.g., using a skull-and-crossbones symbol for acute toxicity while also adding an exclamation mark); or failure to affix the appropriate pictogram corresponding to a specific hazard.
3. Incorrect Signal Words: High-hazard chemicals are mislabeled with "Warning" instead of "Danger"; or "Caution" is improperly introduced as a third category of signal word (whereas GHS permits only "Danger" and "Warning").
4. Information Mismatches: Hazard classifications are mismatched (e.g., a non-flammable chemical is affixed with a "Flammable" label); label content is inconsistent with the corresponding Safety Data Sheet (SDS); or labels are not updated in sync following changes to the product formulation.
II. Size and Format Issues (High frequency in import/export scenarios, accounting for 20%)
1. Non-compliant Label/Pictogram Dimensions: Small-sized labels are used on large-capacity packaging; or labels for hazardous goods exported to the U.S. fail to meet the minimum dimension requirement of 100 × 100 mm.
2. Formatting Violations: Failure to leave a mandatory white margin of ≥3 mm outside the border; missing borders resulting from improper cutting; or text font sizes that are too small, rendering the information illegible.
3. Excessive Simplification on Small Packages: For small packages ≤100 mL, mandatory information is erroneously omitted in an attempt to compress the label size.
III. Application and Placement Issues (Accounting for approximately 12%)
1. Incorrect Placement: Labels are affixed to the bottle cap, the seal, or areas subject to frequent friction; alternatively, they are obscured by packaging components or other labels.
2. Insecure Adhesion: Standard adhesives are used, causing labels to peel off or become illegible rapidly in humid or corrosive environments.
3. Conflicting Dual Labels: A hazardous goods transport label is applied directly over a safety label, or labels are applied redundantly in a manner that obscures critical information.
IV. Special Scenario Adaptation Errors (Accounting for approximately 8% of export products)
Export shipments fail to comply with the regulations of the destination country-for instance, if Brazil requires a minimum text height of 1 mm and this requirement is not met, the shipment may be deemed non-compliant; or export labels are created based solely on domestic standards, failing to meet the specific regulatory requirements of the local jurisdiction.
